Watch a knee replacement video to learn more about this common surgical procedure and how it can help improve mobility and reduce pain.

As modern medicine advances, knee arthroplasty has become a very effective solution for people suffering from severe knee pain or damage. Through this innovative procedure, patients can regain mobility and improve their overall quality of life. Although reading about knee replacements can provide some information, watching a knee replacement video can provide a comprehensive understanding of the surgical process.

Understand the objective:

1. Knee replacement surgery, also known as knee arthroplasty, involves removing damaged parts of the knee and replacing them with artificial components.
2. ORTHO TV’s knee replacement video provides a step-by-step visual representation of the procedure, allowing patients and medical professionals to understand the ins and outs of the operation.

“A knee replacement video helps patients visualize the procedure and understand the potential benefits and risks associated with it. It also serves as a valuable educational tool for medical professionals, allowing them to improve their knowledge and refine their surgical techniques.”

Understanding Knee Replacement Surgery

The primary goal of knee replacement surgery is to improve the patient’s quality of life by reducing pain, increasing mobility, and restoring normal knee function. This type of surgery is usually recommended for people who suffer from severe knee pain that limits their daily activities and affects their general well-being.

Several important steps are followed during knee replacement surgery:

• General or regional anesthesia is given to the patient to ensure that they feel comfortable and pain-free during the procedure.
• An incision is made in the front of the knee to access the joint.
• Damaged parts of the knee joint are removed, including the ends of the femur and tibia, as well as the kneecap.
• The remaining bone surfaces are then prepared to accommodate the artificial components.
• Artificial components, which are metal and plastic, are carefully placed and set to recreate the natural function of knee joint.

After the operation of knee prostheses, the patient will undergo a rehabilitation and physiotherapy period to help him recover the strength, flexibility and amplitude of knee movement. It is important that patients follow their doctor’s postoperative instructions and actively participate in their rehabilitation program to optimize surgery results and guarantee satisfactory recovery.

In summary, knee arthroplasty is a complex procedure that consists of removing and replacing the damaged parts of the knee joint by artificial components. It is a very effective treatment option for people who suffer intense knee pain and limited mobility. By understanding the process and following adequate postoperative care, patients can significantly improve their quality of life and recover the ability to perform daily activities with less pain and better knee function.

Benefits and Risks of Knee Replacement Surgery

Advantages of knee prosthesis surgery:

1. Pain relief: One of the main benefits of knee prosthesis surgery is a significant reduction in pain. Patients who have undergone this procedure often experience relief of chronic knee pain caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis.
2. Mobility improvement: pain and knee rigidity can seriously limit the mobility of a person, making it difficult to carry out everyday activities. Knee arthroplasty can restore the normal functioning of the joint, allowing patients to recover mobility and perform activities that were previously difficult or impossible.
3. Improvement of the quality of life: By relieving pain and improving mobility, knee arthroplasty can significantly improve the patient’s general quality of life. Patients can participate in physical activities with less discomfort and enjoy a more active and satisfactory lifestyle.

Risks of knee arthroplasty:

• Infection: As in any surgical intervention, there is a risk of infection after knee arthroplasty. Measures are taken to minimize this risk, such as antibiotic administration during and after intervention, but it is important that patients follow postoperative care instructions to reduce the probability of infection.
• Blood clots: Another potential risk associated with knee prosthesis surgery is the formation of blood clots. These clots can move to the lungs, causing a potentially deadly condition called pulmonary embolia. To prevent the formation of blood clots, it is possible that medications are prescribed to patients or indicated by carrying compression socks and undergoing physiotherapy.
• Implant failure: although it is rare, there is a risk that the implant fails or loosen over time. This can cause pain, instability and the need for review surgery. The longevity of the implant depends on several factors, such as the age of the patient, their level of activity and their general state of health.

Preparing for Knee Replacement Surgery: Important Information to Know

First consultation: The initial step in preparation for knee replacement surgery is to schedule a consultation with an orthopedic surgeon. During this appointment, the surgeon will evaluate his knee, his medical history and his general health status. It will explain the advantages and possible risks of the intervention, as well as the alternative treatments that can be considered. It is essential that you openly communicate any concern or question you may have.

Key points:

1. Schedule a consultation with an orthopedic surgeon.
2. Talk about the benefits, risks and alternatives of knee arthroplasty.
3. Ask any questions or express your concerns during the consultation.

Preoperative preparations: Once you have made the decision to undergo a knee arthroplasty, you must perform certain preparations before the intervention. Your surgeon will provide specific instructions adapted to your individual needs. These preparations may include

• Medical evaluations such as blood analysis, radiographs and electrocardiograms to evaluate your general health status.
• Settings of your current medication, including the interruption of certain anticoagulant medications to minimize the risk of excessive bleeding during the intervention.
• Physiotherapy exercises to strengthen the muscles surrounding the knee joint and improve postoperative recovery.
• Quit smoking to improve wound healing and reduce the risk of complications.

Table: Preoperative preparations

If you follow the orientations and recommendations of your medical team, you will ensure that you are well prepared for the operation of knee prostheses, which will increase the chances of a satisfactory result and a more comfortable recovery period.

The procedure: Step by step walkthrough of knee replacement surgery

Step 1: Anesthesia

Before starting the intervention, anesthesia is administered to the patient to guarantee their comfort and minimize any pain or discomfort during the procedure. Normally general anesthesia is used, which sleeps to the patient, or regional anesthesia, which is injected into the spine.

Step 2: Incision

Once anesthesia has had an effect, the surgeon makes an incision in the knee area. The size of the incision may vary depending on the minimally invasive technique used and the specific state of the patient.

Step 3: Bone preparation

Next, the surgeon cuts and carefully prepares the damaged bone surfaces that will be replaced by artificial components. This implies eliminating any damaged cartilage, as well as remodeling the underlying bone to accommodate the prosthesis.

Step 4: Prosthesis implementation

Once the bone is prepared, the surgeon sets the artificial components to the femur (thigh bone) and the tibia (bone of the pimp) using specialized medical grade cement or, in some cases, a pressure adjustment technique. The prosthesis can be metal, ceramics or plastic materials, designed to imitate the natural structures of the knee joint.

Step 5: Realineration and Test

After implanting the prosthesis, the surgeon ensures that the knee joint is well aligned and stable. The amplitude of movement is checked to guarantee optimal operation and the necessary adjustments are made.

Step 6: Closing

Finally, the surgeon closes the incision with sutures or staples and can apply a sterile dressing to protect the surgical area. The knee is usually sold and a drain can be inserted into the place of the incision to eliminate excess fluid.

Although surgical intervention itself is a crucial component, the success of knee arthroplasty also depends largely on postoperative care, which include physiotherapy and rehabilitation. This comprehensive approach helps patients recover mobility, strength and functionality of their knees, which improves their quality of life.

Post-Surgery: Recovery Timeline and Rehabilitation Exercises

Recovery calendar:

1. Immediate Postoperative: The first few days after surgery will primarily focus on pain management and wound care. Patients will be encouraged to start moving and doing gentle exercises to avoid muscle stiffness and atrophy.
2. Week 1 to 3: During this period, patients will gradually increase their range of motion exercises, which may include ankle curls, heel slides, and gentle stretches. Weight-bearing activities will be limited, and patients may need assistive devices such as crutches or a walker.
3. Week 4 to 6: In this phase, patients will continue range of motion exercises and begin to incorporate strength training exercises to improve muscle function. Low-impact activities, such as stationary cycling or swimming, can also be introduced under supervision.

It is important to consult healthcare professionals for specific instructions and precautions for each phase of the recovery process.

Rehabilitation exercises:

• Ankle curls: While lying down, move your ankles up and down to improve blood circulation and prevent clots from forming.
• Heel Slide: Slide your heel toward your buttocks while lying down to improve knee flexibility.
• Quadriceps sets: Tighten your thigh muscles by pressing the back of your knee down on the bed or floor.

1. Straight leg raises: Sitting or lying down, raise your leg until it is parallel to the floor, hold the position for a few seconds and lower it again.
2. Stationary bike: Once approved by your healthcare professional, use a stationary bike with little or no resistance to improve knee strength and range of motion.

It is essential to consult a healthcare professional or physiotherapist before beginning any rehabilitation exercise to ensure proper technique and adapt the program based on individual progress. Consistency, patience and following the advice of a professional will contribute significantly to a satisfactory recovery after knee replacement surgery.

Long-term outcomes: What to expect after knee replacement

1. Improved pain relief: One of the main goals of knee replacement surgery is to relieve chronic knee pain. According to studies, most patients experience a significant reduction in pain after the intervention. Damaged or worn joint surfaces are replaced with artificial implants, reducing friction and allowing smooth movement. This reduces inflammation and pain, allowing you to carry out daily activities with greater comfort and ease.

1. Recovery period: A satisfactory knee prosthesis operation requires time for adequate healing and rehabilitation. The initial recovery period usually lasts several weeks, during which patients are usually recommended to use help devices such as crutches or walkers. Physiotherapy sessions are essential to recover strength and improve flexibility. It is important to follow the indications of health professionals and respect the exercises and precautions recommended during this phase.
2. Lon g-term mobility: After a complete recovery, people can expect an improvement in mobility and functionality. Knee arthroplasty allows patients to perform activities that were previously limited or impossible due to intense pain and movements restriction. Many people can resume low impact exercises, such as swimming or cycling, which not only improve the general physical form, but also help maintain the longevity of the artificial joint.

It is essential to have realistic expectations about the results of knee prosthesis surgery. Although the intervention can greatly improve the quality of life, individual results may vary. It is essential to communicate openly with the health team and diligently follow the postoperative care instructions to achieve the best possible lon g-term results.

Alternative Treatments to Knee Replacement Surgery

1. 1. Physiotherapy:

• Physiotherapy is a key alternative to knee prosthesis surgery, especially for people with mild to moderate knee or those looking for preoperative rehabilitation. This no n-invasive approach implies specific exercises and techniques aimed at strengthening the muscles surrounding the knee joint, improving flexibility and reducing pain and inflammation.
• Therapeutic exercises may include straight leg elevations, quadriceps series, hamstrings and movement amplitude exercises. Physiotherapists can also use techniques such as manual therapy, ultrasound or electrical stimulation to further improve the healing process.
• A study published in the Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy suggested that physiotherapy can be as effective as surgery to treat symptoms related to knee osteoarthritis, which underlines its potential as an alternative treatment option.

“Physiotherapy is an effective alternative to knee replacement surgery, particularly for people with mild to moderate knee.”

2. Platelet rich plasma injections (PRP):

• PRP injections have gained popularity as a minimally invasive alternative to knee replacement surgery. This procedure consists in extracting a small amount of blood from the patient itself, which is then processed to concentrate platelets. Platelet rich plasma, which contains growth factors and healing properties, is injected into the knee joint to stimulate tissue repair and reduce inflammation.
• Studies have shown promising results with PRP injections, with patients who experience pain reduction and function improvement. Although more research is needed to fully understand its lon g-term effects, this alternative treatment shows great potential for people looking for no n-surgical options for knee pain relief.

3. Assistance devices:

• Assistance devices, such as orthosis, can provide support and stability to the knee joint, reducing pain and improving mobility. These devices are usually recommended to people with mild to moderate osteoarthritis or as a provisional measure before considering surgical intervention.
• Kneewranees can be classified into different types, such as knee pads, wrapping knee and unloading knee, each of them for a specific purpose. These devices help distribute the weight by the knee joint, reducing the load on the damaged areas and relieving the pain.

“Assistance devices, such as knee pads, are valuable alternatives for people with knee or mild to moderate osteoarthritis.”

Although knee replacement surgery may be the most effective solution for severe cases of knee, exploring alternative treatments can provide relief and improve the quality of life of those who wish to avoid or delay surgery. Physiotherapy, PRP injections and assistance devices can offer viable options, adapted to individual needs and circumstances. Consulting with a healthcare professional is crucial to determine the most appropriate alternative treatment plan and guarantee optimal results.

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Author of the article

Dr.Greenblatt M.

Medical oncologist at the Robert Larner College of Medicine, MD, at the University of Vermont